REVISED: 8/21/08

Keystone, Keystone-Loening

1927: Keystone Aircraft Corp, Bristol PA, evolved from Huff-Daland Airplane Co. 1928: Merger with Loening Co, 31st and East River, New York NY. 1931: Keystone Aircraft Div, Curtiss-Wright Corp, Bristol PA.

Air Yacht 1932 = Improved Keystone-Loening K-85; span: 47'6" length: 35'8".

  Keystone XB-1B [27-334] (USAF Museum)

B-1 1927 = 5p development of Huff-Daland XHB-1 with two 600hp Curtiss V-1570-5; span: 85'0" length: 62'0" v(cruise): 117 range: 700 ceiling: 15,000'. Bomb load: 2500#. POP: 1 prototype as XB-1B [27-334] (B-1A designation was assigned at the time to Bristol Fighter).
  Keystone B-3A (USAF Museum)

B-3 1930 = LB-10A with two 525hp P&W R-1690; span: 74'8" length: 48'10" load: 5247# v: 114/98/56 range: 860. POP: 36 as B-3A, plus 27 redesignated from LB-10A [30-281/343], of which 3 were modified as Y1B-6.
B-4 - Army bomber. New production of LB-13.
Y1B-4 1930 = Redesignated from LB-13. POP: 5 [30-344/348].

  Keystone B-4A (W T Larkins coll)

B-4A 1932 = Two 525hp P&W R-1860 Hornets; span: 74'8" length: 48'10" v: 121/103/57 range: 855 ceiling: 14,000'. POP: 25 [32-117/141].

B-5 - LB-14 with two 525hp Wright R-1750; span: 67'0" length: 45'0" load: 5247# v: 111/98/57 range: 815.
Y1B-5 1930 = Redesignated from LB-14; 5 ordered, but none built.

  Keystone B-5A (Gene Palmer coll)

B-5A 1930 = Conversions from the last B-3As with R-1750-3. POP: 27 [30-317/343].

B-6 - Upgrade of LB-13 with two 575hp Wright R-1820.
Y1B-6 1930 = 575hp Wright R-1820-1 and three-bladed props. POP: 2 modified from LB-13 [30-349/350] and 3 from B-3A contract [30-351/353].

  Keystone B-6A, plus cockpit shot (USAF Museum)

B-6A 1932 = Production; span: 74'8" length: 48'10" load: 5337# v: 121/103/57 range: 925 ceiling: 14,100'. Bomb load: 2200#. POP: 39 [32-142/180].

  Keystone K-47 [NX179] (Natl Archives via Kevin Burns)

K-47 Pathfinder 1927 = 12pO/CB; three 420hp Liberty 12; span: 67'0" length: 45'0" v: 100/x/60 range: 4200. Civil transport developed from Huff-Daland LB-5 taper-wing, twin-tail bomber design. POP: 1 [NX179], repowered with 220hp Wright J-5, for entry in the Orteig transatlantic race as American Legion (p: Noel Davis, Stanton Wooster); fatal crash on take-off from Langley Field on 4/26/27.
K-47A 1927 (ATC 2-54) = Three 220hp Wright J-5; span: (upper) 66'6" (lower) 75'0" length: 46'0" load: 4485# v: 113/95/46 range: 500. POP: 1 [NC1612]; went to PAA in 1928. Later with three 525hp Wright Cyclone; v: 150/x/55.

  Keystone K-47C [NC5317] (Frank Rezich coll)
  Keystone K-47C [NC5317] (Leo Opdyke coll)

K-47C Sign Carrier 1928 = CB version of K-47; two 220hp Wright J-5 + one 425hp P&W Wasp; span: (upper) 66'6" (lower) 90'6" length: 44'4" load: 3075# v: 105/85/46 range: 500. POP: 1 [NC5317]. Lower wing extended to carry a neon sign around New York City in 1929 for nightly aerial advertising of Silver Dust laundry soap.

K-55 Pronto 1928 = 1-3pOB; 220hp Wright J-5; span: 39'11" length: 26'9" load: 1310# v: 112/100/57 range: 500. $15,000. Combination mail and short-haul passenger service, designed for "high-altitude service," assumably not in cold weather.
  Keystone K-78

K-78, -78D Patrician 1929 (ATC 260, 2-85, 2-350, 2-354) = 21pChwM; three 525hp Wright Cyclone; span: 86'5" length: 61'7" load: 6376# v: 148/120/60 range: 480-550. $85,000; POP: 3; 1 K-78 [NX7962], and 2 K-78D [NX=NC98N, NC10N] with extensive design modifications. (2-350) specific to [NC98N] in 1931 as a Wright Corp executive plane. Load-carrying record set in 1929, in which it was reported that "33 girls, two pilots, and a mechanic were carried to 10,200' in 25 minutes"—a payload of 4600#.
  Keystone K-84 [NC755W] (Frank Rezich coll)

K-84 Commuter 1932 (ATC 2-526) = Keystone-Loening K-84 with 300hp P&W Wasp Jr; span: 40'0" length: 32'0".
K-85 Air Yacht SEE Keystone-Loeing K-85.
LB-1 1923 = Single- and multi-engine Army light bomber. From Huff-Daland HB/LB-1. LB class changed to B in 1930.
XLB-1 (Huff-Daland) 1923 = 5pOB; two 410hp P&W R-1340; span: 66'6" length: 47'4". POP: 1 prototype [23-1250].

  Huff-Daland LB-1 [26-378] (USAF Museum)

LB-1 (Huff-Daland) 1927 = 3pOB with single 800hp Packard 2A-2540; span: 66'6" length: 46'2" load: 6178# v: 120/105/61 range: 470 ceiling: 11,150'. Bomb load: 2750#. POP: 10 [26-376/385].

  Huff-Daland LB-3 [27-333]
  Keystone XLB-3A [27-333] (USAF Museum)

LB-3, -3A 1927 = Huff-Daland LB-1 with two inverted Liberty V-1410; span: 67'0" length: 44'8". POP: 1 [27-333]. Repowered as XLB-3A with P&W 410hp R-1340 Wasps; span: 67'0" length: 45'0" load: 5617# v: 116/93/59 range: 544.
  Keystone LB-5 With Douglas O-2 (USAF Museum)

LB-5 1927 = Similar to Huff-Daland XLB-3A, but with two 420hp Liberty V-1650 mounted on the lower wings, one large central and two small outboard rudders; v: 113/x/x. Bomb load: 2121#. POP: 1 prototype XLB-5 [26-208] and 10 production [27-335, -344].
LB-5A 1928 = Equal twin tails. POP: 25 [28-1/25].
  Keystone XLB-6 [27-344] (USAF Museum)
  Keystone LB-6 (USAF Museum)

LB-6 1928 = The final LB-5 refitted with 74'9" straight-chord wings, and engines suspended between the wings. POP: 1 prototype XLB-6 [27-344], crashed 6/10/29, after 171 hours of flight testing; 17 LB-6 production models in 1929 with two 525hp Wright Cyclones [29-11/27]; span: 74'9" length: 43'5" load: 6604# v: 114/95/58 range: 632 ceiling: 11,650'. Bomb load: 2200#.
  Keystone LB-7 (USAF Museum)
  Keystone LB-7 as NAR "racer"

LB-7 1929 = Two 525hp P&W R-1690-3. POP: 18 [28-388/395, 29-1/10], plus 3 modified from LB-6 [29-13/14, -16].
  Keystone LB-8 [29-9] (USAF Museum)

LB-8 1929 = LB-7 converted to 550hp Wright GR-1860; length: 42'6" load: 6388# v: 126/100/59. POP: 1 [29-9].
LB-9 1929 = LB-7 converted to 575hp Wright GR-1750. POP: 1 [29-10].
  Keystone LB-10 [29-27] (Eugene Palmer coll)

LB-10 1929 = Modified from LB-6. 525hp Wright R-1750s, single rudder; span: 75'0" length: 49'3" load: 6292# v: 116/93/58 range: 350. POP: 1 [29-27].
LB-10A 1930 = P&W R-1690s and single rudder. POP: 63 [30-281/343], were redesignated first as B-3A for delivery, then B-5A.
LB-11, -11A 1930 = Wright R-1750s. POP: 1 [29-26], repowered with 525hp GR-1750s as LB-11A.
  Keystone LB-12 [28-388] (USAAF)

LB-12 1929 = Modified LB-7 (originally as temporary XLB-7) with 575hp P&W R-1860s. POP: 1 as XLB-12 [28-388], redesignated LB-12. Crashed 8/19/29.
LB-13 1930 = POP: 7, redesignated as Y1B-4 and Y1B-6.
LB-14 - POP: 5 ordered as Y1B-5, but not built.
NK 1928 - USN version of Pup.
  Keystone XNK-1 [A-7941] (USN via TKnL coll)

XNK-1 1928 = POP: 3 [A7941/7943].

NK-1 1928 = $7,200-7,900; POP: 16 [A8053/8068].

O-15 1928 = Army recon. 2pOB; 225hp Wright R-790; span: 37'3" length: 27'1" v: 119. Gross wt: 2520#. POP: 1 as XO-15 [28-195].
OK 1930 = 2pOB; 400hp Wright R-975; span: 34'8" length: 24'10" v: 143. Gross wt: 3175#. Based on BuAero design #86. POP: 1 as XOK-1 [A8357].
  Keystone PK-1 (Gene Palmer coll)
  Keystone PK-1 (USN via Clark Scott coll)

PK 1930 = NAF PN-12 variant with twin tails. POP: 18 as PK-1 [A8507/8524].
Pup 1928 = 2pOB; 220hp Wright J-5; span: 37'0" length: 26'6" v: 116/97/45 range: 375. POP: 1 for military evaluation.
  Keystone K-84 [NC3541]

-Loening K-84 Commuter 1929 (ATC 219, 2-481) = 4pCBAm; 300-330hp Wright J-6; span: 36'0" (?>40'0") length: 32'5" load: 1223# v: 115/90/50 range: 440 ceiling: 12,000'. $16,800; POP: 31 [NC19E/22E, NC59K/61K, NC63K, NC301V, NC354V, NC374V/376V, NC535V, NC538V/540V, NC339W/341W, NS370N, NC755W/758W, NC762W/763W, NC9781, NC10247/10250], of which 1 was 2p with 365hp Wright R-975 under (2-481).
-Loening K-84W 1930 (ATC 2-526) = Conversion with 330hp P&W Wasp Jr. POP: 1 [NC374V].
  Keystone K-85 [NC3541]

-Loening K-85 Air Yacht 1931 (ATC 395) = 8pCBAm; 525hp Wright Cyclone; span: 46'8" length: 37'2" load: 2091# v: 130/107/60 range: 500. Grover Loening. $28,700; POP: 2 [X769W, NC10588], repowered and upgraded from Loening C-4C.
-Loening OL-9 1934 = 2pOBAm; 450hp P&W R-1340-C4; span: 45'0" length: 34'9" v: 122 range: 625 ceiling: 14,300'. $18,750; POP: 26 [A8733/8747, A8979/8985, 9208/9211].
-Loening O-10 SEE Loening.